심리학의 원리/심리학의 원리2
심리학의 원리/심리학의 원리2
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Professor Stricker says that in his own case no auditory image enters into the words of which he thinks. Like most psychologists, however, he makes of his personal peculiarities a rule, and says that verbal thinking is normally and universally an exclusively motor representation. That, however, soon vanishes, as does also the difficulty of thinking of one vowel whilst continuously sounding another. In thinking of a soldier marching, for example, it is as if he were helping the image to march by marching himself in his rear. The first breaker of ground in this direction was Fechner, in 1860. Fechner was gifted with unusual talent for subjective observation, and in chapter xliv of his 'Psychophysik' he gave the results of a most careful comparison of his own optical after-images, with his optical memory-pictures, together with accounts by several other individuals of their optical memory-pictures. Galton, the publication of whose results in 1880 may be said to have made an era in descriptive Psychology. In one it will throw a much-used brain-tract out of gear; in the other it may affect an unimportant region. Here will we house ourselves in quiet.
I, p. 473 ff., especially the note to page 477), and I would not touch upon the matter at all here but for its historical interest. There are imaginations, not 'the Imagination,' and they must be studied in detail. The same local cerebral injury must needs work different practical results in persons who differ in this way. The bodily symptoms of the Salpétrière patients are all of them results of expectation and training. Not only were ideas copies of original impressions made on the sense-organs, but they were, according to him, completely adequate copies, and were all so separate from each other as to possess no manner of connection. The only areas where McGwire has an advantage is in on base percentage (which is more a function of the era he played in - McGriff's OBP is very close), slugging percentage and HR. And I may mean all mankind, with perhaps a very sharp image of one man in my mind's eye. In some individuals the habitual 'thought-stuff,' if one may so call it, is visual; in others it is auditory, articulatory, or motor; in most, perhaps, it is evenly mixed. I may bewail the indistinctness of my mental image of my absent friend.
The movements of articulate speech play a predominant aspect in his psychological existence. In the event the mental pics are of data freely blended, and reproducing no previous mix specifically, We have now functions of imagination adequately so called. Fate such a bold, untrammelled spirit gave him, As forwards, onwards, ever have to endure; Whose about-hasty impulse drave him Earlier earthly joys he might secure. I truly feel thee draw my heart, soak up, exhaust me: Thou have to! As regards the ventilation or heating of rooms, we have been apt to sense for a long time as we expect we must sense. The indicating is usually a function of the greater 'transitive' aspects of consciousness, the 'fringe' of relations which we experience bordering the impression, be the latter sharp or dim. What likely continues to be genuine, on the other hand, is that the majority of Adult males Use a a lot less auditory and a more articulatory verbal imagination than they are apt to be familiar with.
It's really a somewhat impressive point, as well, which the psychologists of Hume's individual empiricist college have, as a rule, been extra guilty of the blindness than their opponents. A statistical inquiry on a considerable scale, to the variants of acoustic, tactile, and motor creativeness, would most likely bear fewer fruit than Galton's inquiry into visual images. We have now contended all along for that affirmative reply to this issue, but must now cope with problems higher than any which have assailed us hitherto. To secure a new discipline of perspective for our object the outdated 1 ought to disappear. The creativeness of the blind-deaf mute like Laura Bridgman must be confined totally to tactile and motor product. It's not right up until their focus is expressly drawn to the point that they find it difficult to say regardless of whether auditory photographs or motor photographs linked With all the organs of articulation predominate. If I slip to the regular method of conversing, and converse of varied Suggestions 'combining,' the reader will understand that This can be only for level of popularity and convenience, and he won't construe it into a concession for the atomistic concept in psychology.
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